A REVIEW ON REFERENCES OF HERBOMINERAL PREPARATIONS IN BRUHATRAYEE

Ayurveda science has been explained in the form of Hetu, Linga and Aushadha, where Aushadha has been given the much importance as success of treatment depends upon the usage of medicine considering the dose, time as well as the forms of medicine. Various sources are available to be used in the form of medicines as Herbs, Metals/Minerals or Animal products. Processed Metals/ Minerals such as Copper, Lead, Mercury were used in Ancient times but as the time goes, there was a drop in the usage of Herbomineral preparations in practice considering the claims put on its safety. Bruhatrayee being the most ancient and authentic texts of Ayurveda provides ample of references regarding usage of Herbomineral preparations for treatment of various conditions

A THERAPEUTIC APPROACH OF SUDHA VARGA DRAVYA W.S.R. TO GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDER

The human Gastro intestinal tract is responsible for transporting and digesting food stuffs, absorbing nutrients and expelling waste. Any interruption or change in physiology of GIT results in various disease like Hyperacidity, Peptic ulcer, duodenal ulcer, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Gastro-Esophageal Reflux Disorder etc. In Ayurveda all these diseases comes under Annavaha Srotas Vikara. There are many treatment modalities available in Ayurveda but Sudha vargiya Dravyas describe in Rasa-shastra literature plays an important role in the treatment of GIT disorders. Bhasmas of Sudha vargiya Dravyas have attained importance in prevention and cure of conditions such as AmlaPitta (hyperacidity), Grahani (Irritable Bowel Syndrome), Annadrava shula (Gastric ulcer), Parinaam shula (Duodenal ulcer), Atisara (Diarrhoea) etc. Bhasmas are considered as nano medicine in Ayurveda which is therapeutically very potent in small dose, quick acting and without specific taste. All the drugs in Sudha Varga have calcium in compound form, as salt. Calcium has very essential role in physiology related to bone structure as well as regulation of Gastro intestinal secretions. As these having Sheet virya in all the Sudha vargiya Dravyas the acid neutralizing capacity is present due to higher pH value.

A Review on Pushkara Moola (Inula racemosa) - Its medicinal value in diseases of Pranavaha Srotas w.s.r. to Brihattrayi

Ayurveda is the oldest system among all life sciences, originated in India thousands of years ago. It is an ancient Indian practice of holistic medical care that centers on the equilibrium of body, mind and soul. Dosha (vitiating factors), Dhatu (tissue elements) and Mala (waste products) are the basic building elements of the body. Their continuous and proper flow in the body requires hollow spaces or channels. These channels are called as ‘Srotas’ in Ayurvedic classics. Thirteen types of Srotas are described in Charaka Samhita; Pranavaha Srotas is one of them. Pushkara Moola (Inula racemosa Hook.f.) is herb used in traditional medicine in India for a long time to cure the ailments of Pranavaha Srotas Vikara. According to Bhava Prakash, it has the properties of Katu, Tikta in Rasa, Ushna in Virya and pacifies the Vata-Kapha Dosha. Acharya Charaka described it in Shwasahara and Hikkanigrahana Mahakashaya; Acharya Sushruta in Phala Vagra and Acharya Vagbhatta in Hidhma Nigrahana. According to Charaka Samhita it is the best Dravya of Hikka, Shwasa, Kasa and Parshvashula. By these properties, it seems to quite naturally antagonize the Shwasa Roga, which is Kapha-Vata predominant disease. Hence it is needed to evaluate the efficacy of Pushkara Moola in Pranavaha Srotas Vikara

Pharmagonostical Analysis and Chromotographical Fingerprinting of Vajradanti (Potentilla fulgens (Wall.) ex Hook.)

Poor oral hygiene or tooth disorders are very common and severely agonizing ailment leads to teeth loss or damaging of teeth, so it is the need of the hour to search for a potent drug which can fight this condition. Vajradanti is first described in Ayurvedic text Arka Prakash and Dravyagunakosha. Later in some Ethnomedicinal books Vajradanti is mentioned as potent medicine for Dantvikar, Udarshoola etc. Potentilla fulgens (Wall.) ex Hook. of Rosaceae family is an alpine medicinal plant that is found in temperate Himalaya between 2000-3000m. The root of the plant is of good medicinal value and has been used as folk remedy for treating ailments like diabetes mellitus, gastric problems, peptic ulcers, diarrhoea, cancer, toothache, pyorrhoea, cough, cold and also has anthelmintic property. A detailed pharmacognostical character of its root is not reported still yet. Methods: An attempt has been made to study the macroscopic and microscopic character, physicochemical analysis, phytochemical analysis, and chromatographic studies of its root following standard procedures. Two different extracts of Vajradanti root was used to access the physicochemical and HPTLC analysis. Research work was carried out as per standard operating procedures and specified protocols. Result: Results showed that in physicochemical evaluation aqueous extract 2.4%, hydro-ethanol extract 2.5%, total ash 8.6%, water soluble ash 1.38%, acid and insoluble ash 3.01%. HPTLC results for the quantification of epicatechin in EPF was analyzed for the first time by scanning at wavelength (λmax 366nm) and the quantity of epicatechin present in Vajradanti was estimated to be 0.032% w/w. In phytochemical analysis presence of carbohydrate, protein, glycosides, amino acid, protein in extract of Vajradanti. Conclusion: Vajradanti is a highly potent medicine for oral diseases due to presence of flavanols like epicatechin

A Brief Review on Tejovati (Zanthoxyllum Armatum.Dc.) in Vedas and Samhita: An Ethnomedicinally Rich Plant

Medicinal plants are considered as a rich resources of ingredients which can be used in drug development either pharmacopoeial, non- pharmacopoeial or synthetic drugs. A part from that, these plants play a critical role in the development of human cultures around the world. Traditional Indian medicine (Ayurveda) is becoming increasingly popular, with many chronic conditions responding to it well. Most patients begin to take conventional medications as soon as their diagnoses are made, so Ayurvedic treatments are usually undergone alongside and/or after conventional medical approaches. WHO (World Health Organization) estimated that 80 percent of people worldwide rely on herbal medicines for some aspect of their primary health care needs. According to WHO, around 21,000 plant species have the potential for being used as medicinal plants. Elaborate description of the plant and its therapeutic action are explained by our Acharyas in Vedas, Puranas, and Samhitas and in the later Nighantus. Tejovati is such a drug which is widely available and is having many mentioning in the classics for its effectiveness in many diseases. Tejovati does not have any controversies in any of the literatures or classics regarding its identification or usage. The current article is to highlight the importance of drug and references has been collected from Vedas, Puranas, Samhita kala, Nighantu kala. Synonyms, Gana Varga, Vernacular names etc has been collected and arranged systematically

Comparative antimicrobial potential of Tribhuvana-Mishrana and its ingredients against clinical bacteria

There are many single drug and compound formulations prescribed for Jwara (~ fever) in Ayurvedic classics. Tribhuvanakirti Rasa (TKR), Godanti Bhasma (GB) and Sudarshana Ghana Vati (SGV) are widely used compound formulations that are separately indicated for the treatment of Jwara (~fever) in different dosage schedules. In Ayurvedic Formulary of India Tribhuvana-Mishrana (TM) has been chiefly indicated in treatment of Sarva Jwara (~ fever). Therefore, in this study comparative antimicrobial activity of TM and its individual ingredients viz. TKR, GB and SGV were evaluated against four fever-causing microbes such as gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and the gram-negative bacteria Salmonella typhii, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The aqueous extract of all the four samples (formulation as whole and the three individual ingredients separately) in a dose 125mcg/ml were tested for their antimicrobial activity against four different microbes by agar well diffusion method. The study shows that TM and its ingredients independently show significant antimicrobial activity. S. aureus was found to be most sensitive to SGV and moderately sensitive to TKR and TM while S. typhii was found to be most sensitive to TM as compared to others. TKR was found to be most effective against E.coli while SGV and TM both showed significant antimicrobial effect against E. coli. TM could provide an alternative to synthetic antibiotics against human microbial infections

Comparison of ultrasound, digital, and conventional radiography in differentiating periapical lesions: An in vivo study

Aims and Objectives: To evaluate in vivo the efficacy of ultrasound, digital and conventional radiography in identifying periapical lesions. To compare the results of the above imaging modalities with histopathology, which is considered to be the gold standard for diagnosis. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients aged between 15 and 45 years with periapical lesions associated with maxillary or mandibular anterior teeth indicated for endodontic surgery or extraction were selected for the study. Pre-operatively, conventional, digital periapical radiography and ultrasonography were done and interpreted. Endodontic surgery or extraction was performed including curettage of apical tissue to enable histopathological investigation, which provided the gold standard diagnosis. All measurements and findings were compared and statistically analyzed. Results: In conventional and digital radiography, the periapical lesions were readily identified but observers were unable to differentiate granuloma from cyst using these modalities only. But ultrasonography was able to give the true nature of the periapical pathology. All the cases diagnosed by ultrasound were confirmed with histopathology, and maximal number of cases diagnosed by ultrasound correlated with the histopathological diagnosis. Conclusion: The present study confirms that ultrasound is a promising and reliable imaging technique for differentiating periapical lesions i.e., periapical cysts and granulomas. Based on the echo texture of their contents and the presence of vascularity using color Doppler, periapical cyst and granulomas can be readily identified. The present study is further applicable for the evaluation of periapical lesions of the posterior teeth and evaluation of other jaw lesions